Tugas Softskill Definition, Pattern & Example of Question (Yes/no, WH Question, Question Tag)

QUESTION 

QUESTION

1. QUESTION YES/NO

a. DEFINITION

            Question Yes/No is the question who ask someone, and people who will be ask, will answer yes/no only.

Am I your friend?	Yes. / Yes, you are. / Yes, you are my friend.
Is this a good restaurant?	No. / No, it is not. / No, it is not a good restaurant.

b. PATTERN

The rules

1. If the main verb of the sentence is "to be", simply invert the subject and the verb to be:

Examples:

• They are American. — Are they American?
• They are nice. — Are they nice?

2. If the sentence includes a main verb and another or other helping (auxiliary) verb(s), invert the subject and the (first) helping (auxiliary) verb.

Examples:

• They are visiting Paris. — Are they visiting Paris?
• She has done the housework. — Has she done the housework

3. If the sentence includes a verb which is not the verb "to be" and doesn't include a helping (auxiliary) verb, the transformation is more complex.

a. If the verb is in the present tense, add either do or does and put the main verb in its base form:

- do if the subject is the first person singular, second person singular, first person plural, second person plural and third person plural (I, you, we, they)

Examples:
I like apples. — Do you like apples?
They go to a high school. — Do they go to a high school?

- does if the subject is the third person singular (he, she, it).
Examples:
Nancy reads a lot. — Does Nancy read a lot?
He hates basketball. — Does he hate basketball?

b.If the verb is in the past tense, add did and put the main verb in its base form:

Examples:

·         He discovered the truth. — Did he discover the truth?

·         She wrote a nice essay. — Did she write a nice essay?

·         They did the homework. — Did they do the homework?

C. EXPLANATION

            For my expalanation, yes/no question is a word of question, who will be ask person with the question, which they will answer with only two answer. The answer for the question is YES/NO only. The question who will be ask to people, must not essay question. Because essay question can’t have answer with YES/NO question

In English, there are two basic types of questions: Yes / No questions and Wh- questions. Yes / No questions are also called closed questions because there are only two possible responses: Yes or No. When forming a Yes / No question, it must include one of these verbs: BE, DO, HAVE, or a modal verb. It is impossible to ask a Yes / No question without one of these verbs.

correct	incorrect
Are elections next year?	Elections next year?
Does he want to stay?	He want to stay?
Have the boys eaten?	The boys eaten?
Can the dog swim?	The dog swim?

• Use the verb BE to ask Yes / No questions about the identity or description of a person, place, or thing.

question	response
Am I your friend?	Yes. / Yes, you are. / Yes, you are my friend.
Is this a good restaurant?	No. / No, it is not. / No, it is not a good restaurant.
Are these islands Greek?	Yes. / Yes, they are. / Yes, these islands are Greek.
Was his idea interesting?	No. / No, it wasn’t. / No, his idea was not interesting.
Were they happy?	Yes. / Yes, they were. / Yes, they were happy.

Note that the response can be short (Yes. / No.), or long: Yes or No followed by the subject and verb.

• Use the verb BE with a preposition to ask Yes / No questions about a present or past location.

question	response
Am I at the correct location?	No. / No, you aren’t.
Are the keys under the books?	No. / No, they are not.
Was his house on an island?	Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were the demonstrations in the center of town?	No. / No, they weren’t.

• Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a current activity or situation. This requires the present progressive: BE + (verb+ing).

question	response
Am I going with you and Tom?	Yes. / Yes, you are.
Is she working today?	No. / No, she isn’t.
Are we seeing a play tomorrow?	Yes. / Yes, we are.

• Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a past activity or situation. This requires the past progressive: WAS / WERE + (verb+ing).

question	response
Was it raining?	Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were they playing?	No. / No, they weren’t.

• Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question with the passive voice.

question	response
Is gold mined in Canada?	Yes. / Yes it is.
Are flowers grown here?	No. / No, they are not.
Was the book read?	Yes. / Yes, it was.

• Use the verb HAVE to ask if somebody has done something or if some action has taken place. Note that these Yes / No questions use the present perfect (HAVE + past participle).

question	response
Has your brother left?	No. / No, he hasn’t.
Have you driven before?	Yes. / Yes, I have.
Has the party started?	Yes. / Yes, it has.

• Use the verb DO to ask Yes / No questions in order to obtain facts about people, places, or things.

question	response
Do they smoke?	No. / No, they don’t.
Does it rain here?	Yes. / Yes, it does.
Did the key work?	No. / No, it didn’t.

• Use modal verbs to ask Yes / No questions about possibilities or uncertainties.

question	response
Can we stay?	Yes. / Yes, we can. / Yes, we can stay.
Could this be true?	Yes. / Yes, it could (be true).
Should they stop?	No. / No, they shouldn’t (stop).
May I help you?	Yes. / Yes you may (help me).

Remember: When asking Yes / No questions with DO or a modal verb, the main verb remains in the base form (without to).

correct	incorrect
Do you drink coffee?	Do you to drink coffee?
Does she work here?	Does she to work here?
Can I go with you?	Can I to go with you?
Should we email her?	Should we to email her?

However, if there are two verbs that follow DO, the second verb remains in the infinitive (with to).

correct	incorrect
Do you want to drink coffee?	Do you want drink coffee?
Does she like to work here?	Does she like work here?
Did you need to go home?	Did you need go home?

Note that there are several ways to answer Yes / No questions, especially when using contractions.

question	response
Is he busy?	No.
	No, he isn’t.
	No, he’s not.
	No, he is not.
	No, he isn’t busy.
	No, he’s not busy.
	No, he is not busy.

2. WH QUESTION

A. DEFINITION

WH Question is the question word who include the (what, which, who, where, whom, whose, how, why). WH question is different with yes/no question. Because in WH question, the asker ask question who include information about (what, which, who, where, whom, whose, how, why).

B. PATTERN

In WH question, the question must contain (what, which, who, where, whom, whose, how, why).

C. EXPLANATION

WH Question is the question, we often to use it. WH question, can ask spesific question to the people who will answer our question about (what, which, who, where, whom, whose, how, why).

Question words are also called wh questions because they include the letters 'W' and 'H'.

Question words	Meaning	Examples
who	person	Who's that? That's Nancy.
where	place	Where do you live? In Boston
why	reason	Why do you sleep early? Because I've got to get up early
when	time	When do you go to work? At 7:00
how	manner	How do you go? By car
what	object, idea or action	What do you do? I am an engineer
which	choice	Which one do you prefer? The red one.
whose	possession	Whose is this book? It's Alan's.
whom	object of the verb	Whom did you meet? I met the manager.
what kind	description	What kind of music do you like? I like quiet songs
what time	time	What time did you come home?
how many	quantity (countable)	How many students are there? There are twenty.
how much	amount, price (uncountable)	How much time have we got? Ten minutes
how long	duration, length	How long did you stay in that hotel? For two weeks.
how often	frequency	How often do you go to the gym? Twice a week.
how far	distance	How far is your school? It's one mile far.
how old	age	How old are you? I'm 16.
how come	reason	How come I didn't see at the party?

Asking questions

1.      If you ask about the subject of the sentence, simply add the question word at the beginning:

Example:
1. James writes good poems. — Who writes good pems?

2.      If you ask about the predicate of the sentence (the part of a sentence which contains the verb and gives information about the subject), there are three options:

• If there is a helping (auxilary) verb that precedes the main verb ( foe example, can, is, are, was, were, will, would...), add the question word and invert the subject and the helping (auxilary) verb.

 Examples:

1. He can speak Chinese. — What can he speak?

2. They are leaving tonight. — When are they leaving?

• If you ask about the predicate and there is no helping (auxilary) verb and the verb is "to be", simply add the question verb and invert the subject and the verb.

      Example:
1. The play was interesting. — How was the play?

•  If there is no helping (auxilary) verb in the the predicate and the main verb is not "to be", add the auxilary "do" in the appropriate form.

Examples:

1.   They go to the movies every Saturday. — Where do they go to the movies?

2.    He wakes up early. — When does he wake up?

3.   They sent a letter. — What did they send?

3. QUESTION TAG

A. DEFINITION

Tag questions (or question tags) turn a statement into a question. They are often used for checking information that we think we know is true.

B. PATTERN

positive statement → question tag negative→ You are Tom, aren't you?

negative statement → question tag positive→ He isn't Joe, is he?

Qustion tag must following by grammar too. If present tense, the question tag must present tense too, and etc.

C. EXPLANATION

For my explanation is, question tag is use for describe more spesific about some question and give more certainty about some question.

Now I will tell about type sentences of question tag

Tag questions are made using an auxiliary verb (for example: be or have) and a subject pronoun (for example: I, you, she). Negative question tags are usually contracted: It's warm today, isn't it (not 'is it not')

Usually if the main clause is positive, the question tag is negative, and if the main clause is negative, it's positive. For example: It's cold (positive), isn't it (negative)? And: It isn't cold (negative), is it (positive)?

If the main clause has an auxiliary verb in it, you use the same verb in the tag question. If there is no auxiliary verb (in the present simple and past simple) use do / does / did (just like when you make a normal question).

There is one wierd exception: the question tag after I am is aren't I.
For example: I'm in charge of the food, aren't I?

Postive sentences, with negative tags

Present simple 'be'	She's Italian, isn't she?
Present simple other verbs	They live in London, don't they?
Present continuous	We're working tomorrow, aren't we?
Past simple 'be'	It was cold yesterday, wasn't it?
Past simple other verbs	He went to the party last night, didn't he?
Past continuous	We were waiting at the station, weren't we?
Present perfect	They've been to Japan, haven't they?
Present perfect continuous	She's been studying a lot recently, hasn't she?
Past perfect	He had forgotten his wallet, hadn't he?
Past perfect continuous	We'd been working, hadn't we?
Future simple	She'll come at six, won't she?
Future continuous	They'll be arriving soon, won't they?
Future perfect	They'll have finished before nine, won't they?
Future perfect continuous	She'll have been cooking all day, won't she?
Modals	He can help, can't he?
Modals	John must stay, mustn't he?

Negative sentences, with positive tags

Present simple 'be'	We aren't late, are we?
Present simple other verbs	She doesn't have any children, does she?
Present continuous	The bus isn't coming, is it?
Past simple 'be'	She wasn't at home yesterday, was she?
Past simple other verbs	They didn't go out last Sunday, did they?
Past continuous	You weren't sleeping, were you?
Present perfect	She hasn't eaten all the cake, has she?
Present perfect continuous	He hasn't been running in this weather, has he?
Past perfect	We hadn't been to London before, had we?
Past perfect continuous	You hadn't been sleeping, had you?
Future simple	They won't be late, will they?
Future continuous	He'll be studying tonight, won't he?
Future perfect	She won't have left work before six, will she?
Future perfect continuous	He won't have been travelling all day, will he?
Modals	She can't speak Arabic, can she?
Modals	They mustn't come early, must they?

SOURCE:

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/tag-questions.html

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/qu_tags.htm

http://ferdiantiqomalasari.blogspot.com/2013/03/yes-or-no-questions-and-5w1types-of.html

http://www.elearnenglishlanguage.com/blog/learn-english/grammar/questions-yes-no/